Compliance to Tuberculosis Treatment Across Medical Institutions in Rivers State, South-South Nigeria (Published)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a very old infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease affects the lung and it remains one of the most frequent causes of death universally reaching up to 10 million new cases every year. Poor patient compliance in tuberculosis (TB) treatment is considered to be one of the most serious challenges which replicate the reduction of treatment success compliance to tuberculosis treatment across some selected medical institutions in Rivers State, South-south Nigeria between 2010-2020. The study aimed at collecting data and examining some variable retrospectively without manipulating any of the variables. Data were obtained from the State Ministry of Health, Rivers State, covering a total of 525 (100%) healthcare facilities accounting for primary, secondary, tertiary health facilities and an irresistible 191 (36.38%) private healthcare facilities. Data were analyzed using frequency and simple percentage including graphs. Results indicate that compliance to TB treatment in Rivers State is not adequate generally (i.e., it very low). The rate of compliance to TB treatment among the confirmed cases of TB patients was averagely 40.70%. However, the level of compliance differed across each year investigated with the highest compliance rate recorded in 2019 and the lowest in 2010. There was a consistent increase in the compliance rate between 2013 and 2015 with a sharp drop in 2016 which may have explained the reason for the high prevalence of TB in the same year. Men compliance was better than females despite lesser prevalence. The result revealed further that out of 14,988 CC of TB among males, 1,363 (40.70%) complied with treatment while out of 13,073 mean CC of TB among females, 1,188(3.02%) rate of compliance was recorded. It was recommended among others that more comprehensive incentives programme be made available to improve the allure of TB patients for visiting the treatment centres.
Keywords: Compliance, DOTs, Treatment., Tuberculosis, medical institution
Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Compliance to Treatment from 2010-2020 In Rivers State, Southsouth Nigeria (Published)
Tuberculosis is a highly contagious bacterial infection and it is still a leading killer of young adults worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of tuberculosis and compliance to treatment from 2010 to 2020 in Rivers State, South-south Nigeria. The Ex-post factor design was utilized and it is aimed at collecting data and analyzing some variable retrospectively without manipulating any of the variables. Data were obtained from the Primary Healthcare Management Board and the State Ministry of Health covering a total of 525 (100%) healthcare facilities accounting for primary, secondary and tertiary health facilities including an overwhelming 191 (36.38%) private healthcare facilities. Data were analyzed using frequency and simple percentage including graphs. Findings inter alia reveals that the susceptibility and prevalence rate of Tuberculosis is higher in females than males, the highest prevalence rate of Tuberculosis in female (84.73%) was recorded in 2015 while that of the male (79.12%) occurred in 2016 respectively. The highest prevalence rate of Tuberculosis was 93.99% and it occurred in 2016 while the highest percentage compliance rate 48.99% was recorded in 2019. In addition, co-infections (TB/HIV) enhance the rate of Tuberculosis prevalence during the study period. Thus, it was recommended that effective awareness and sensitization campaign of the citizen via the churches, mosque, market unions, schools and anti-natal units among others on tuberculosis prevention and control be strengthened by all concerned agencies.
Citation: Duabo M. George, Alaye A. S. Bibiye, Tamunoibitem Jonathan (2022) Prevalence of Tuberculosis and Compliance to Treatment from 2010-2020 In Rivers State, Southsouth Nigeria, International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research, Vol.10, No.3 pp.1-11
Keywords: Compliance, DOTs, Prevalence, Treatment., Tuberculosis
Determinants of Non-Adherence to Drug Regimen among TB Patients Attending a Specialist Hospital, Edo State Nigeria (Published)
Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death globally and in Nigeria that poses a threat. This study examine the determinants of non- adherence to drug regimen among TB patients in a Specialist Hospital, Edo state. The study adopted a descriptive research design. A simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the respondents of the study. The data were collected through the use of questionnaire with reliability index of 0.78. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency, simple percentage and inferential statistics (chi-square). The findings of the study revealed that 222 (56.6%) respondents do not adhere to drug regimen while 171 (43.5%) does. There was a significant relationship between distance of health facility (p=0.001), waiting time (p=0.000), absence of family support( p=0.000), forgetfulness (p=0.000) , individual’s occupation (p=0.000), improvement in TB symptoms( p=0.000) and non-adherence to TB drugs but client provider interaction and TB drug side effect do not have a significant relationship on non-adherence to TB drugs. The study recommends that government should make TB clinic should accessible by building and employing enough health workers. Also, families should be encouraged to support TB patients and TB patients on TB drugs should be educated on the needs to comply with drugs and not to discontinue it even when symptoms improve.
Keywords: Determinant, Drugs, Tuberculosis, non-adherence
Nigeria: Can Cross River State Achieve The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) In The Health Sector By 2015? (Published)
The paper reviews outcomes of efforts made by the Cross River State Government towards the achievement of MDGs in the health sub-sector in Nigeria. Using descriptive statistics and comparative analysis to illustrate deviations from set targets the paper reveals that, in spite of the robust effort of government, achieving the MDGs in the health sub-sector in Cross River State by 2015 will be very challenging, partly due to inadequate responses to bring about the required decrease in the burden of malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS in the State. To bridge the observed gap, the paper recommends rehabilitation of health facilities and provision of equipment and personnel in existing health facilities; increased budget provision for health care services; building strong and robust partnership with support agencies and other sector actors; development of effective health sector policy in the State, as possible quick wins.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, MDGs, Malaria, Tuberculosis
