Medical Treatment of Various Diseases through Nagarmotha (Cyperus rotundus) Plant (Published)
Nagarmotha (Cyperus rotundus) is found throughout India. Its genus name Cyperusis derived from Cypeiros, an ancient Greek name and rotundus from a Latin word for round and refers to the tuber. It is locally known as “Mutha”. The plant is a widely used traditional medicinal herb in India, China, Japan, Korea, Combodia, Nigeria, and Bangladesh.The plant produces rhizomes, tubers, basal bulbs and fibrous roots below ground and rosettes of leaves, scapes and umbels above ground. The rhizomes of nut grass is widely utilized in ancient medication round the world to treat various diseases like constipation, dysentery, abdominal distention, animal tissue stomach ache, chest pains, irregular catamenia, painful catamenia, skin diseases, staphylococcal infection infections, leprosy, sprains and br uises, and fever, analgesic, sedative, medication, anti malarial drug, abdomen disorders, and diarrhoea . C. rotundus has the properties of antimicrobial activity, anti-lesion activity, analgesic activity, anti inflammatory activity, anti diarrhoeal activity, antipyretic activity, medication activity, anti-emetic activity, tranquilizing activity, anti urolithatic activity, antispatic activity, hypolipidaemic activity, wound healing activity, medication activity, inhibitor activity, metastatic tumor activity, antifungal activity, antidiabetic drug activity, anti-obesity activity, anti-allergic activity, anti-blood platelet impact, opposing rheumy activity, anti malarial drug activity, gastroprotective activity, hepatoprotective activity, cytoprotective impact, hypotensive activity, ovicidal and larvicidal activity .The petroleum ether extract and essential oil of C. rotundus possessed analgesic activity. Phenols and alkaloids are the active constituents of C. rotundus. C. rotundus preparations (powder in fine suspension, aqueous and alcoholic extracts) exhibited a lipolytic action and mobilized fat from the adipose tissues and thus helping to reduce the obesity. Methanolic extract of the fresh aerial part of the Cyperus rotundus was fractionated by column chromatography method using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The ethyl acetate fraction showed potent antibacterial activity compared to control and standard commercial antibiotic tetracycline. It is a widely used plant in traditional medicine around the world for treatment of various diseases. It is deemed with infinite medicinal properties authenticated by the scientific committee. The rhizomes of C. rotundus are used as traditional folk medicine for the treatment of stomach and bowel disorders and inflammatory diseases in Asian countries. The use of the plant as an analgesic, anti-arthritic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-candida, anti-convulsant, anti-diabetic, anti-emetic, anti-histaminic, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-obesity, anti-pyretic, anti-spastic, gastroprotective, hypotensive, sedative, and tranquilizing agent has been documented by varios scientists. Ethnobotanical use of C. rotundus showed that the rhizomes were used to treat aging, apoptosis, atherosclerosis, cancer, cystitis, epilepsy, genotoxicity, hirutism, nociception and prostatitis disorders. The tuber part of C. rotundus is also used for the treatment of dysmenorrheal and menstrual irregularities from ancient times. The rhizome of C. rotundus are α-cyperolone, β-cyperone, ρ-cymol, calcium, camphene, copaene, cyperene, cyperenone, cyperol, cyperolone, caryophyllene, cyperotundone, d-copadiene, d-epoxyguaiene, isocyperol, isokobusone, kobusone, limonene, linoleic-acid, linolenic-acid, mustakone, myristic acid, oleanolic acid, oleic acid, β-pinene, patchoulenone, rotundene, rotundenol, rotundone, α-rotunol, β-rotunol, β-selinene, selinatriene, sitosterol, stearic acid, sugeonol, and sugetriol. Phytochemical constituents of C. rotundus revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, steroids, starch and many novel ses-quiterpenoids. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as cypera-2, 4(15)-diene, isorotundene, norrotundene and the oxygenated compound cyperadione were isolated and identified.
Keywords: Diseases, Medical Treatment, Nagarmotha (Cyperus rotundus), plant
Natural Products Chemistry: A Pathway for Drugs Discovery (Published)
Long before the era of high through-put screening and genomics, drug discovery relied heavily on natural products. Drug discovery involves the identification of New Chemical Entities (NCEs) of potential therapeutic value, which can be obtained through isolation from natural sources, through chemical synthesis or a combination of both. However, the success stories for the discoveries Penicillin from penecilium rubens, Paclitaxel yew tree and marketed as Taxol, Aspirin from Willow bark of Salix alba tree etc. have pave way for scholars in the field of natural product and organic chemistry to focus their research work in drug-derived from plants and microorganisms. Natural products derived from these sources are rich in bioactive compound, which have been use over years throughout human history and evolution as remedies for various ailments. This paper however, X-rayed the sources and classes of natural products, pharmaceuticals derived from Natural product, and uses of natural products. The paper also recommended among others that, government should fund research in the area of natural products, pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmacognocy.
Keywords: Chemistry, Drug, Microorganisms, Natural products, metabolism, plant
