Pakistan legal system, whether judicial system is challenging for foreign investor in the context of China and Pakistan economic corridor (Published)
The legal system of any state is of fundamental importance. Legal system not only provides justice, but also enhance the opportunities of FDI in its state. In Pakistan’s legal system the parliament has a prominent role. The law making institutions of parliaments are the senate and national assembly. The parliament is responsible to make laws for foreign investment and foreign investors’ protection. The Judiciary and courts are other prominent elements of legal system. The parliament has a supportive role for foreign investors to provide appropriate law regarding their protection, whereas judiciary has an opposite role in providing benefits to foreign investors.In the past foreign investors have to face challenges by the judicial system.The intervention by the courts of Pakistan in Steel Mill’s privatization case as well as the intervention by the Supreme Court in various other foreign investment projects have been observed. The rental power case in which the Supreme Court terminated the agreement between Pakistan government and a foreign company is a renowned case in the past. To pursue a Foreign direct investment in Pakistan it is crucial to revise state’s judicial laws regarding FDI. This would be beneficial for both the foreign investor and the host state(Pakistan) to get the mutual benefit in the form of a stable investment project. China is investing a number of projects in Pakistan under CPEC, the stable and fair laws for FDI would be a favorable step to establish successful investment projects.
Keywords: Parliament, judicial system, legal system, senate
English Expressions in Ghana’s Parliament (Published)
This paper takes a look at the English language spoken on the floor of parliament by Ghanaian parliamentarians. It attempts to ascertain the English features of Ghanaian parliamentarians and whether the identified features can be described as Ghanaian English. The study was guided by the syntactic features given as typical of WAVE (Bokamba, 1991) and the grammatical description of African Englishes (Schmied, 1991) and a careful reading of the Hansard which is the daily official report of parliamentary proceeding. It is revealed that the English spoken by Ghanaian parliamentarians has identifiable Ghanaian features that can support the claim that their English is typically Ghanaian.
Keywords: Education, English, Ghana, Language, Parliament
Transitivity in Kufour’s 2008 Farewell Speech to the Ghanaian Parliament (Published)
This study uses Halliday’s transitivity theory to analyse the use of language in President J. A. Kufuor’s farewell address to Parliament. The study uses the content analysis design to analyse all the clauses in the address. The study reveals that among the six process types under the transitivity model, the material processes are used maximally in the speech whereas the existential processes are used minimally. There was, however, no behavioural process in the address. The dominant use of material clauses suggest that Kufuor interprets the world in terms of his past and present “goings-on” happenings by recounting some of the concrete achievements recorded under his eight-year stewardship and making useful suggestions to the incoming government in order to ensure continuity in projects his administration has initiated. His choice of actors suggests that Kufuor attributes the achievements to himself which may be perceived as a feature of undemocratic leadership style; however his determination to share his wealth of experience with the incoming government corrects the impression that he is undemocratic. He also uses a majority of relational identifications to point out to himself and his administration as the main development players. Verbal processes have been used as markers of transition and topic shift; still, he refers to himself as the main sayer. The study concludes and affirms that material, relational and mental processes are the three primary processes often used in language since the three add up to about 90% (Halliday&Matthiessen, 2004).
Keywords: Farewell Address, Ghana, John Agyekum Kufuor, Parliament, Political Ideologies, Systemic Functional Grammar, Transitivity
