Factors Influencing Substance Abuse amongst Selected Commercial Motorcyclists in Ogbomoso Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria (Published)
Background: The use of motorcycle (Okada) for carrying passengers from me destination to another for commercial purposes has crept into Nigerian’s transportation activities and gradually becoming most popular, possibly because it is faster especially when there is terrible hold ups and can also drop an individual at his door step. Nevertheless, it has added greatly to the incidence of road accidents whereby special Orthopaedic departments are created in Nigerian hospitals to attend to accident victims. The recklessness and misbehaviours of the motorcyclists has been traced to substance abuse. Methodology: A total 207 participants were selected using cross sectional convenience sampling methods having determined the sample size using Yamane sample size determination method. The research adopted descriptive design. The instrument for data collection was designed by the researchers adopting if from the literature review and ESPAD questionnaire descriptive analysis while the hypotheses were tested using inferential analysis of “t” test and ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance on the SPSS version 21 window. Results: Study revealed that the most commonly used drugs include alcohol, cigarettes, palm wine local gin and herbal gin mixtures. These drugs are ready available and are also affordable to them. The result showed that peer influence is the major factors influencing substance abuse among the respondents, followed by recreational purposes and affordable respectively. There was significant difference between married and unmarried commercial motorcyclists on factors influencing substance abuse. Conclusion: It was concluded that period lectures and sensitization programes should be carried out to reduce the accidents associated with misbehaviors amongst motorcyclists as a results of drugs abuse.
Keywords: Factors Influencing, Metropolis, Ogbomoso, Substance abuse, commercial motorcyclists
Factors Influencing Substance Abuse amongst Selected Commercial Motorcyclists in Ogbomoso Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria (Published)
Background: The use of motorcycle (Okada) for carrying passengers from one destination to another for commercial purposes has crept into Nigerian’s transportation activities and gradually becoming most popular, possibly because it is faster especially when there is terrible hold ups and can also drop an individual at his door step. Nevertheless, it has added greatly to the incidence of road accidents whereby special Orthopaedic departments are created in Nigerian hospitals to attend to accident victims. The recklessness and misbehaviours of the motorcyclists has been traced to substance abuse. Methodology: A total of 207 participants were selected using cross sectional convenience sampling methods having determined the sample size using Yamane sample size determination method. The research adopted descriptive design. The instrument for data collection was designed by the researchers adopting if from the literature review and ESPAD questionnaire descriptive analysis while the hypotheses were tested using inferential analysis of “t” test and ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance on the SPSS version 21 window. Results: Study revealed that the most commonly used drugs include alcohol, cigarettes, palm wine local gin and herbal gin mixtures. These drugs are ready available and are also affordable to them. The result showed that peer influence is the major factors influencing substance abuse among the respondents, followed by recreational purposes and affordable respectively. There was significant difference between married and unmarried commercial motorcyclists on factors influencing substance abuse. Conclusion: It was concluded that period lectures and sensitization programes should be carried out to reduce the accidents associated with misbehaviours amongst motorcyclists as a results of drugs abuse
Keywords: Factors Influencing, Metropolis, Ogbomoso, Substance abuse, commercial motorcyclists
Anxiety Associated With Child-Birth, Caesarean Section and Coping Strategies among Women for Elective Caesarean Section in Selected Hospital at Oshogbo Metropolis (Published)
Introduction: Child-birth is one of the most events in a woman’s life. Many of pregnant women showed anxiety or fear of child-birth and caesarean section, therefore this study was aimed at assessing the anxiety associated with child-birth, caesarean section and coping strategies adopted by the respondents. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive research design was adopted, 182 respondents were randomly selected on the basis of Taro Yamane sample size determination. Four (4) instruments were used to collect information from respondents which were demographic characteristics, knowledge of C-Section, State Anxiety Scale and COPE inventory. Result: In term of demographic characteristics, 37.9% were at the age bracket of 26-35 years. 55.2% were Christians, 69.2% had tertiary education. As per the knowledge of C-section, 71.4% possessed knowledge, 65.4% hand experienced C-section. On the basis of anxiety, 60.4% were moderately based, 60.4% were frightened, 42.3% were uncomfortable while 49.5% were moderately nervous and 51.1% respondent were not pleasant for being booked for C0-section. All respondents were using one or the other coping strategies. There was no significant differences between level of anxiety and coping strategies amongst respondents. Conclusion: it was conducted that issue of religious affiliation should be considered during the period of the health education and information at the antenatal clinics.
Keywords: Anxiety, Coping Strategies Osogbo, Elective C-Section, Metropolis
EFFECT OF MARITAL INSTABILITY ON CHILDREN IN ABEOKUTA METROPOLIS (Published)
Marriage instability has hindered the growth and progress of many homes and children in Nigeria. Many factors could be responsible for this disappointing situation. The study therefore focused on identifying effects of marital instability on children in Abeokuta Metropolis. A descriptive research method was adopted for the study. The total numbers of two hundred and fifty one (251) respondents were selected from Abeokuta Metropolis using stratified and systematic sampling technique with the use questionnaires to collect information from respondents who participated in the study. The data collected were carefully analysed using percentages supported by chi-square to represent the raw data in a meaningful manner. it was discovered that children of divorced/separated are prone to drug addiction, armed robbery, commercial sex workers and other forms of criminal activity, not only that they also tend to go wayward, naughty, unruly and rebellious. The study also established that children who grow up in a single parent family are more likely to be used for trafficking, rituals and house helps than the children who grow up in an intact family. It is therefore recommended that family counselling be emphasized by the stakeholders (government, religious leaders, and counsellors to minimise instability in the family and effort should be intensified to discourage marital discord
Keywords: Marital Instability; Divorce, Marriage, Metropolis, Separated, children, family
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA (Published)
The paper examined the municipal solid waste disposal methods and the environmental issues associated with the management of solid waste in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Primary data were obtained through administration of structured questionnaires to a random size of population in the areas that have the highest heaps of solid waste on the major streets and open spaces. Oral interviews and field observations were also carried out for holistic and detail assessment of the environment. Secondary data were obtained from desk review method; information on environmental issues resulting from poor management of municipal solid waste were obtained from relevant literatures. The results of the findings clearly show that major streets, several open spaces and even water ways are been used as refuse dump sites. The composition of the municipal solid waste in the city is heterogeneous; it contained both biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials which are mostly e-wastes, plastic and polythene materials. The study also reveals that most of the refuse dumps are left unattended to for a long period. The study further shows that population growth and uncontrolled urban expansion are responsible for the continuous growth of these refuse heaps at the shoulders of the major streets, open spaces and water bodies. There is no organized house to house or street to street collection of the solid waste in some parts of the metropolis. In few areas where large waste bins are provided, they are hardly used by the community. The major environmental issues resulting from improper disposal and poor management of solid waste in Kano metropolis are physical nuisance of the waste to the environment, the solid waste are blown around by winds or rainstorm making the environment dirty, the waste sometimes block drainage channels during rainstorm causing flooding in the metropolis. The heaps of the solid waste serve as good hideouts for reptiles, rodents, and other dangerous insects. The solid waste may decompose to emit methane gas which contributes to climate change. Most of the non-decomposable solid wastes contain harmful chemical elements which have severe health implications. Generally, the study shows that soil, air and water pollution in the study area are caused by both pathogenic and chemical elements from these heaps of solid waste that dot some of the major streets and open spaces. Therefore, the paper recommends that a strong legislation with severe sanction be put in place and they should be a continuous public enlightenment on the danger of municipal waste to the general public. It is also recommended that available market be created for these waste that can be recycled.
Keywords: Biodegradable, Chemical Elements, Electronic Wastes, Environment, Harmful, Management, Metropolis, Non–biodegradable, Refuse Dumps, Solid Wastes
Quality Assurance of Teachers in the Assessment of Social Studies Curriculum of Secondary Schools in Abeokuta Metropolis in Ogun State, Nigeria (Published)
The study was carried out to ensure the quality assurance of teachers in the assessment of the Social Studies curriculum in Secondary Schools in Abeokuta Metropolis of Ogun State, Nigeria. Two research questions were formulated and answered in this study. Survey research and evaluation designs were involved. The sample for the study was 57. A 20 cluster item questionnaires and 35 multiple choice test items were developed and used to collect data. The data collected were analyzed using percentages, means and performance gap analysis to answer the research question. Conclusively, the importance of assessment of secondary school social studies curriculum can not be over emphasized because it is a well established fact that the status and kind of assessment used in appraising phenomenon for reaching implication not only for students’ achievements, but also for the nature of school procedure in an institutions. Based on the result of the study, it was recommended among other things that, teachers should be sponsored by the government to attend seminars, workshops and conferences to update themselves in order to improve the quality of their teaching skills
Keywords: Assessment, Assurance, Curriculum, Metropolis, Quality
