Implementation Effect of Treasury Single Account on the Economy of Nigeria: The Perspective of Banking Sector (Published)
Treasury Single Account (TSA)’s prime purpose is to ensure accountability, improve transparency, and prevent abuse and mismanagement of public funds. Nigeria had to domesticate the law implementing TSA in 1999, however, the government ran a pilot scheme in 2012 to fully domesticate and observe the impact of such policy on the growing economy of the nation. Thus, this study aimed to examine the implications of TSA from its domestication, identify its benefits, examine the challenges and study its prospects considering the perspectives of the banking sector employees. The descriptive research design was adopted for the study using fifty (50) bank employees within Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria who were randomly selected. Software for the Social Sciences Statistical System (SPSS) was used to obtain descriptive statistics such as central tendency, the measure of variability, kurtosis and skewness. The calculated values range from 2.60 to 3.88, 0.72 to 1.28, -0.08 to -2.20, -1.73 to 4.09 for mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis respectively. All calculated p-values range between (.000 to .003), which are less than the level of significance of 0.05 (2-tailed). Hence, the null hypotheses are rejected while the alternate hypotheses are accepted. The strong relationship of up to 0.985 between the opinions of the respondents is a strong indication that the application of TSA has led to a reduction of monetary misappropriation and a drastic reduction of corrupt practices. Therefore, TSA should be implemented in every sector of the economy both public and private to ensure financial prudence, accountability, transparencies and as a tool in monitoring, expenses incurred.
Keywords: Accountability, Banking Sector, Economy, Transparency, treasury single account
Evaluating the Influence and Implications of Strategic Human Resource Management on Organisational Effectiveness of Banks in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Published)
This study examines the extent in which Strategic Human Resources Management (SHRM) influences the organisational effectiveness of banks in Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG). The study attempts to identify some of the problems affecting Banks’ effectiveness. A total of 93 questionnaires were distributed to one local private bank (Kurdistan Bank), one local public or state-owned bank (Zagros Bank) and one internationally owned bank (Abu Dhabi Bank). Of the above number, 74 questionnaires were successfully retrieved and the results were analysed using SPSS 22. The results from the study showed that most of the variations in organisational effectiveness that are attributed to changes in (SHRM) are observable in the public or state-owned banks. The results also showed that most SHRM practices are insignificant in the context of individual banks but more significant in the context of all banks. Furthermore, it was observed that performance systems have a negative effect on private and internationally owned banks. The conclusion drawn from the study is that the effects of SHRM on organisational effectiveness in the banking sector are the same between the banks. The study is significant as it contributes to the formulation of strategies that will help to attract and retain the right, qualified and skilled employees who can facilitate the performance and success of the banks employees’ welfare. The study is one of the few types of research that looks at the implications of Strategic Human Resources on the organisational effectiveness of banks in the Middle East with regards to KRG. It will also form part and parcel of a foundation for establishing a base for conducting future studies
Keywords: Banking Sector, Effectiveness, Human Resource Management, KRG, Strategic Human Resource Management
Electronic Banking Products and Services of Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh: Present Status and Challenges (Published)
Bill Gates (2008) announced “banking is essential, banks are not”. This quotation means, the traditional branch banking is going to vanish in order to be surrogated by Electronic Banking (E-banking) which continues to attract new users. It provides users, working with a home computer attached by network to their bank, with the ability to authorize payments, reconcile accounts, and access a variety of other banking services with the help of ATM, Visa Card, Master Card, Q-cash, E-cash, Ready cash, Mobile, Internet etc. E-banking has a lot of benefits which add value to customers’ satisfaction. For collecting the data a highly structured questionnaire was made. The questionnaire was designed into four parts. The statistical techniques used for the analysis were the descriptive analysis, ANOVA analysis and Chi-Square test. There are some associated challenges identified in the study that seem to hinder the success of e-banking services and thus constitute major concern to both financial institutions and customers. The paper recommends various measures should be put in place to make e-banking system smooth, effective and more secure. This paper concludes that e-banking has become important phenomenon in the banking industry and it will continue as more progress and innovations are made in information technology
Keywords: Banking Sector, Challenges and Trends, Online Banking, Private Commercial Banks, e-Banking
Substantiating Public Relations Contributions to Organizational Success in Nigeria’s Bankcing Sector (Published)
This paper attempts to substantiate the contributions of public relations in Nigeria’s banking sector. This is against the backdrop of a seeming neglect for the profession. In gathering data for the work, the survey method was complemented with in-depth interviews. The study found that banks generate a public relations philosophy, that public relations makes important contribution to the success of the banking sector and also that a good reputation positively affects an organization’s (including banks) positive performance. It is therefore recommended among others that banks in Nigeria should elevate the status of their PR departments and better appreciate them while the PR executives should have a multi-disciplinary training that makes them competent in business administration and others.
Keywords: Banking Sector, Organizational Success, Public Relations
THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT PILLARS IN ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FOR BANKING SECTOR IN JORDAN (Published)
This research aimed at investigating the role of electronic customer relationship management pillars in achieving competitive advantage for banking sector in Jordan. Through monitoring the reality of the role of these pillars(E-Customer, E-Relationship, and E-Management)to achieve competitive advantage in the banks of Jordan. This study has identified the most important factors pursuing the implementation of electronic customer relationship management in commercial banks of Jordan. This research paper has used a quantitative technique to collect data from participants, afterwards, SPSS statistical techniques were used to obtain the findings of this research. The results showed that most commercial banks in Jordan use electronic customer relationship management through interacting with all business activities that require direct contact or indirect communications with clients to achieve maximum competition. In light of the results of this research the researcher has introduced a set of recommendations that promote the use of electronic customer relationships management as well as enhance the competitive advantage of commercial banks in Jordan.
Keywords: Banking Sector, CRM, Competitive Advantage, E-CRM, Jordan
THE MODERATION EFFECT OF MANAGERIAL STATUS ON WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT-TURNOVER INTENTION RELATIONSHIP (Published)
We examined the extent to which managerial status moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention among employees in the Ghanaian banking sector. Predictive correlational design was used. One hundred and twenty-one (n=121) participants were sampled conveniently for the study. Reliable questionnaires were adopted for the study. All the scales were confirmed reliable following pilot study. Moderated hierarchical regressions analysis was performed to test the hypothesis in the study. Pearson correlation test was performed to satisfy the assumption underlying the use of moderation test. We also centred the moderator and independent variables to reduce the effect of multicollinearity. The analyses showed that work-family conflict significantly and positively predicted employee’s intention to leave their current organization. It was also observed that, managerial status significantly moderated the predictive relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intentions. The findings have significant implications on role and spill over theories of work-family conflict as well as on the management of organizations in contemporary times. The implications and limitations of the findings have been discussed
Keywords: Banking Sector, Ghana, Managerial Status, Role Theory, Spill Over Theory, Turnover Intentions, Work-Family Conflict
Information Systems Audit and Continuous Auditing in Turkish Capital Markets (Published)
Sustainability has become the focal concern for today’s organization. For banks, surviving in the ever-changing innovation based economy is crucial due to fast growing and highly sophisticated technology and products that take up important part in the banking system. In turn, this has made it harder to track discrepancies in the accounting system or other tools used by banks. Internal audit is an important aspect that ensures sustainability and future of internal audit relies on Continuous Auditing (CA) and Continuous Monitoring (CM) concepts.Today’s trendy social media and technology has become addictive for users and these tools are especially important for finance sector, which in turn increases technological risks. In this manner, having these risks covered in applicable legislation is paramount. Within this context, this research aims to explain the CA practices in Turkish Banking sector, how specific tools are used and pros and cons of current controls over certain processes in addition to signifying Information Systems (IS) audit and its place in Turkish legislation.
Keywords: Banking Sector, Continuous auditing, Information Systems audit, corporate sustainability
Reliance on Published Financial Statements and Investment Decision Making in the Nigeria Banking Sector (Published)
Financial Reporting Standards and Practices have in the recent past come under great criticisms, demanding that accountants take further steps in ensuring that the true and fair view of the actual worth of business are also incorporated in the financial statements published by them. This was triggered off by an unpresedented line up of corporate failures like that of Enron Corporation, World.com and others coupled with the emergence of the global economic crisis. In Nigeria also, corporate failures and distresses have been witnessed in the banking sector. Evidence was the huge collapse of the Cooperative and Commerce Bank (CCB), Orient Bank of Nigeria, African Continental Bank (ACB) all due to massive accounting related frauds. This problem resulted in the establishment of Asset Management Company of Nigeria (AMCON) to prevent corporate failures particularly in the Nigeria banking sector by acquiring and financially distress companies. This paper is a critical investigation on the degree of reliance of the published financial statements by corporate investors. The study employed survey research design by which data were generated by means of questionnaire administered on one hundred and fifty corporate investors and senior management officials of the selected banks. The descriptive statistics and percentage analysis were used for the data analysis and the hypotheses were tested using t-test statistic. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 17.0 was employed in the analysis of data and test of hypotheses. The results reveal that one of the primary responsibility of management to the investors is to give a standardized financial statement evaluated and authenticated by a qualified auditor or financial experts (tcal (16.59) > tcritical (2.353). p < 0.05). It also showed investors do understand the financial statement well before investment decision (tcal (17.306) > tcritical (2.353). p < 0.05). The results of the analysis also indicated that investors depend heavily on the credibility of auditors/financial expert approval of financial statement in making investment decisions (tcal (4.592) > tcritical (2.353). p < 0.05) and as such published financial statement is very important in the investors’ decision making (tcal 74.500 > tcritical 6.314; p < 0.05). It hereby recommended that adequate care and due diligence should be maintained in preparing financial statements to avoid faulty investment decisions which could lead to loss of funds and possible litigations
Keywords: Banking Sector, Decision Making, Financial Statements, Investments, Nigeria
Post Merger And Acquisition And Performance Of Deposit Money Banks In Nigeria (Review Completed - Accepted)
Mergers and acquisitions as a phenomenon is implemented to strengthen the banking system, embrace globalization, improve healthy competition, exploit economies of scale, adopt advanced technologies, raise efficiency and improve profitability. The world globalization has led to world financial crisis which has significantly affected the banking industry and has consequently increased the need for mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the consolidation of deposit money banks. One of the major policies introduced to solve these financial problems is by consolidation through mergers and acquisitions. This study explored the impact of post mergers and acquisitions on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design with a total population of 22 deposit money banks in Nigeria. A sample of 10 banks was randomly selected from the above population. The study used the secondary sources to extract data from the Annual Reports of the selected banks for a period of five (5) years (2008-2012). Simple regression analysis technique was used for data analyses. The study revealed that as at the end of year 2012, the average capital base of the sampled banks in the post Merger period showed a total of (N 1.76 Trillion). This is an improvement from the recent work of Oghojafor (2012) in which average capital base stood at (N 6,358.76 Million). The study revealed an insignificant but positive relationship between post mergers and acquisitions capital base (PMACB) and dividend per share (DPS) with (P=0.985 i.e. P>0.05), earnings per share (EPS) with (P=0.803 i.e. P>0.05), return on assets (ROA) with (P=0.859 i.e. P>0.05) and return on capital employed with (P=0.666 i.e. P>0.05). This study concluded that post merger and acquisition has no significant effect on dividend per share of shareholders, their earnings per share, return on assets and return on capital employed. In a broad perspective, this study further revealed that there is a reduction in the degree of global banking crisis over the years and thus reduction in the general banking failure particularly in Nigeria. This is made possible through mergers and acquisition process which consecutively resulted in increased capital base of banking industry in Nigeria. The study recommended that equal considerations should be given to both micro and macro prudential guidelines, in order to ensure sound and stable banking system. Also, deposit money banks should incorporate into their banking policy other factors such as credit discipline, corporate culture, and management information system so as to ensure increase in their earnings ability.
Keywords: Acquisition, Banking Sector, Merger, Performance
