Vegetation growth/vegetal cover has played significant role in watershed management and its protection against ecological hazards in an urban environment. Urbanization plays a significant impact in the alteration of the ecological equilibrium of an environment. As city grows, watersheds are thrown into ecological entropy resulting to environmental disruptions. The paper demonstrates effect of deforestation and urban development on River Ajilosun drainage basin in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. The ecological impacts of flooding and erosion were studied by collecting direct field data on width of flooding and width of channel bank erosion. The basic equipment employed for the measurement are the tape, ranging pole and a piece of plank (tie rod). The data were analyzed with both the descriptive and inferential techniques. The result of the analysis revealed that ecological hazards caused by urbanization in the drainage basin included flooding and erosion which exhibited spatial variation across and along the profiles of the drainage basin. The study revealed further that deforestation and urban physical development affects the environment of the lower reaches of the drainage basin through flooding and also caused increased erosive effect of flooding in the downstream reaches of the Ajilosun drainage basin
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