Saponins are biodegradable, surface active glycosides, commonly distributed in some indigenous plants were extracted using various solvents such as Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone. The relationship between the response (extract yield) and three independent process variables (mass, time and temperature) were optimized and evaluated using the response surface methodology (RSM) and statistical design. A three factor, five levels central composite design (CCD) were employed to determine the optimum extraction conditions. The fit model to describe the effects of mass (A), time (B), and temperature (C) for the extraction was quadratic. A, B, and C gave significant contribution to saponin (response) yield. The different plots of model adequacy recommended that the predicted values of saponin yield in the model were in conformity with the experimental values. The model developed to obtain the maximum yield of extract had a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9997. The model adequacy was further checked using the adjusted (adj-R2) which gave a value of 0.9994. Using the numerical optimization, the optimal extraction conditions of mass (2.895g), temperature (72.83oC) and time (224.46mins), gave yield of 62.29% and mass (4.82g), temperature (52.85oC) and time (152.55mins) gave the yield of 63.22% and for yellow yam and wild yam respectively.
Citation: Emmanuel Ehimhantie Aluola (2021) Optimized Production of Saponins from Locally Available Plants Using Response Surface Methodology, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology Studies, Vol. 9, No.2, pp.53-73
Keywords: Yield, glycosides, optimization
