European Journal of Statistics and Probability (EJSP)

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General Mortality Rate in Nigeria: A Case Study of Federal Medical Centre Jabi, Abuja

Abstract

Mortality is one of the components of population changes; it is completely out of human control and affects every segment of a population. Mortality is a term used to describe the contribution of death to population change and refers to the permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time after live birth has taken place. This study applies a retrospective design through the conduct of record review using the mortality registers from 2013 – 2017 with key variables of interest extracted. The Chi-square test of independence technique, two ways ANOVA, life table, and population projection model (exponential model) were employed for the analysis of the relevant data. The null hypothesis of “No significant association between causes of death and sex” was accepted; P-value of 0.377 is greater than 0.05, we accept Ho and conclude that there is no significant association between diseases and sex. More males than females died of congestive cardiac failure, diabetes and severe birth asphyxia. About 160 males and females were recorded dead in the 2013 – 2017; out of which 53.8% of them were males and 46.2% of them were females – this implies that the risk of death at any given age is less for females than for males. The five-leading cause of death in Nigeria were Congestive Cardiac Failure (45%), Sepsis (23%), Pneumonia (15%), RVD (12%) and Respiratory Distress (5%). The general population growth rate shows a decrease in the rate of mortality across all ages; but the age specific growth rate shows that infant mortality is on the rise and tends to double in the year 2025 if the current growth rate persists. The life table shows that the life expectancy at birth is 43.5 years (= 8.69) and that a man aged 20 years has about 44% chances of dying before his 50th birthday. The study showed that the risk of death at any given age is less for females than for males, while under – 5 years have the higher risk of dying compared to other age categories with about 28.1% of new born babies dying before reaching age five. Regular medical checks remain optimally essential in prolonging of life as well as ensuring a healthy well-being.

Keywords: Abuja, Federal Medical Centre, Jabi, Nigeria, general, mortality rate

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Email ID: submission@ea-journals.org
Impact Factor: 6.90
Print ISSN: 2055-0154
Online ISSN: 2055-0162
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37745/ejsp.2013

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